The Japanese name ‘オオカレエダカマキリ’ (Ookareeda Kamakiri) has been associated with the praying mantis species Paratoxodera cornicollis. However, in the 2015 book ‘世界のカマキリ観察図鑑’ (World Praying Mantis Observation Guide) by renowned entomologist Kazuo Umino, this name is used for Toxodera beieri. This raises an interesting question: why are two different species being referred to by the same Japanese name, and how did this confusion arise? In this article, we will explore the reasons behind this discrepancy and provide clarification about the unique names for these mantis species.
The Confusion Between ‘Paratoxodera cornicollis’ and ‘Toxodera beieri’
At the heart of this issue is the use of the name ‘オオカレエダカマキリ’ for two distinct species of praying mantises. Traditionally, this name has been applied to Paratoxodera cornicollis, a species known for its characteristic appearance. However, Kazuo Umino’s 2015 book uses the same name for Toxodera beieri, which has led to some confusion in the entomological community.
Upon checking databases like the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF), it’s clear that T. beieri and P. cornicollis are not synonyms, meaning they are distinct species. This discrepancy highlights the challenges that arise when common names are used without clear guidelines, especially when similar species are involved.
Why Do Different Species Share the Same Name?
One possible explanation for the use of the same common name for both species is the historical overlap or misidentification of these mantis species. In some cases, entomologists or researchers may have initially confused the two species due to their similar physical characteristics or behaviors. Over time, as research advanced and distinctions between the species became clearer, the confusion persisted, and the shared name continued to be used.
Another reason for this confusion could be a lack of awareness or standardized naming conventions. Common names like ‘オオカレエダカマキリ’ are often influenced by regional usage or the preferences of specific researchers, which may lead to variations in how they are applied to different species.
Unique Japanese Names for ‘Paratoxodera cornicollis’ and ‘Toxodera beieri’
To resolve the confusion, it’s helpful to explore the unique Japanese names for these two mantis species:
- Paratoxodera cornicollis: The traditional Japanese name ‘オオカレエダカマキリ’ is most commonly associated with this species. Known for its large size and distinctive features, this mantis is often recognized for its impressive horns and long, slender body.
- Toxodera beieri: This species, which was recently referred to as ‘オオカレエダカマキリ’ in Umino’s book, may benefit from a more distinct name, such as ‘ベイエリカマキリ’ (Beieri Kamakiri), to avoid further confusion. This name would more accurately reflect its unique characteristics, such as its body shape and coloration.
How to Prevent Future Confusion
To prevent similar confusion in the future, it is essential for entomologists and researchers to establish clearer guidelines for the use of common names, particularly when multiple species share similar characteristics. Standardizing the naming conventions and ensuring that each species has its own distinct common name can help reduce misunderstandings and promote more accurate communication within the scientific community and the public.
Additionally, educational resources such as field guides, academic papers, and databases should be updated regularly to reflect the correct usage of common names, ensuring that the information remains accurate and accessible to everyone.
Summary
The confusion surrounding the Japanese name ‘オオカレエダカマキリ’ stems from the historical overlap in naming the species Paratoxodera cornicollis and Toxodera beieri. While both species have similar features, they are distinct, and their respective common names should reflect this. Moving forward, clearer naming conventions and unique names for each species will help reduce confusion and ensure that entomologists and enthusiasts can accurately identify these fascinating insects.
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